International Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (IJAPSR)

A409706011225

IJAPSR Journal — Tue, 28 Oct 2025 10:04:29 +0000

The International Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (IJAPSR) has ISSN 2582-7618 (online), open-access, peer-reviewed, periodical bi-monthly international journal, which is published by Lattice Science Publication (LSP) in February, April, June, August, October and December. The journal aims to publish high-quality peer–reviewed original articles in the area of Pharmaceutical Sciences that covers Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Medical Physiology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest. #Pharmaceutical Technology #Pharmaceutics #Biopharmaceutics #Pharmacokinetics #Medical Physiology Pharmaceutical Chemistry #Medicinal Chemistry #Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design #Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry #Pharmacology #Pharmaceutical Analysis #Pharmacy Practice #Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy #Cell Biology #Genomics and Proteomics #Pharmacogenomics #Bioinformatics #Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest #PhD #Academic #Scopus #SCI #LatticeScience #Springer, #ScienceDirect #IEEE #Mendeley #Research #Scholarship #UGC #SSRN #LatticeScience #ESCI #Science #Journal #Conference #SSRN #PubLons

Comparative Prognostic Significance of CEA and CA15-3 in Breast Cancer
Riham Mohammad Aljouji¹, Issa Radwan Yusuf², Rama Hussein Ibrahim³

¹Riham Mohammad Aljouji, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Sham Private University, Lattakia, Syria.

²Dr. Issa Radwan Yusuf, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lattakia University, Lattakia, Syria (Research Assistant).

³Dr. Rama Hussein Ibrahim, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Sham Private University, Lattakia, Syria, (Supervisor).

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© The Authors. Published by Lattice Science Publication (LSP). This is an open-access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Abstract: Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, particularly among women. Thus, it is critical to have reliable biomarkers for prognosis and metastasis detection. This retrospective study compared the prognostic utility of serum tumour markers CEA and CA15-3 in 117 female breast cancer patients admitted to Lattakia University Hospital. Patients were stratified by histopathological type, molecular subtype, tumour stage, size, and metastasis location. Patients were stratified by histopathological type, molecular subtype, tumour stage, size, and metastasis location. Elevated CA15-3 levels were significantly associated with advanced tumour stage (P<0.05) and metastatic disease (P<0.0001), but not with specific metastatic sites, tumour size, or molecular subtype (P>0.05). In contrast, while CEA levels were not significantly elevated in advanced tumour stages, they correlated with larger tumour size (P<0.05) and metastasis (P<0.001), particularly liver metastasis (P<0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that elevated CEA (>5 ng/mL) was significantly associated with worse 5-year overall survival (27% vs. 68%, P<0.001), whereas CA15-3 (>35 IU/mL) was not (50% vs. 75%, P>0.05). These findings highlight CEA’s potential as a prognostic biomarker, particularly for liver metastasis. The controversial results of our study support using CEA in clinical surveillance for breast cancer.

Keywords: Breast Cancer, Ca15-3, Cea, Prognostic Biomarkers.
Scope of the Article: Pharmacy Practice

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F409205061025

IJAPSR Journal — Sat, 25 Oct 2025 07:57:33 +0000

Medicinal Plants: General Overview of Medicinal Plants in Ethiopia
Girum Faris¹, Mesay Paulos²

¹Girum Faris, Ethiopia Biodiversity Institute, Centers and Botanical Gardens Coordinator, Addis Ababa.

²Mesay Paulos, Crop and Horticulture Cease team, Ethiopian Biodiversity, Assosa Branch, Assosa, Ethiopia.

Abstract: In Ethiopia, Medicinal Plants have played a crucial role and should be used as a source of food for humans, preserving food and animal products, clothing, shelter, Flavours, and fragrances, as well as other essential items for earning economic benefits. This review aimed to utilise medicinal plant treatments to address human and animal problems. The use of medicinal plants for human and animal treatments has been practised from time immemorial. Generally, medicinal plants play a crucial role in traditional medicine and are significant in livestock and the health care of the majority of people in Ethiopia. The major threats to medicinal plants include habitat destruction, urbanisation, agricultural expansion, deforestation, invasive alien species, population Growth, road construction, and investment. As a result, Medicinal plants are declining and being lost due to their reduced abundance and distribution. Therefore, restoring these medicinal plants requires developing various methods through collaboration with stakeholders and employing farmer participatory research-based conservation mechanisms, which will help solve some of the problems. Pertinent to the loss of medicinal plants and their habitats, for documenting medicinal plants. The article emphasises a general overview of plant treatment for either animals or humans.

Keywords: Ethiopia, Medicinal Plant, Threatening Factors, Traditional Medicines.
Scope of the Article: Pharmacy Practice

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F409105061025

IJAPSR Journal — Sat, 25 Oct 2025 07:49:50 +0000

Intermittent Fasting and Skin Health: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Zein Al-Abideen Douba¹, Shereen Taha²

¹Dr. Zein Al-Abideen Douba, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria.

²Ms. Shereen Taha, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Sham Private University (ASPU), Lattakia, Syria.

Abstract: Objective: Intermittent fasting (IF) is a dietary pattern alternating between periods of eating and fasting, known for its metabolic, hormonal, and anti-inflammatory benefits. This review aims to explore the molecular, physiological, and clinical links between IF and skin health. Methods: A comprehensive review of recent preclinical and clinical literature was conducted, focusing on the effects of IF on skin biology, including modulation of oxidative stress, induction of autophagy, hormonal regulation, and interactions between the gut and skin. Results: Evidence suggests that IF may enhance skin regeneration, delay ageing, and improve inflammatory skin disorders such as acne, psoriasis, and eczema. Mechanistically, IF downregulates IGF-1 and mTOR signalling, enhances antioxidant defences, promotes autophagy, and modulates the immune response. Preliminary clinical findings also indicate potential benefits in photoaging, wound healing, and tissue repair. However, most data are preclinical, with limited human trials. Conclusion: IF represents a promising nonpharmaceutical strategy for improving skin health and managing dermatological conditions. Future research should focus on developing standardised protocols, molecular profiling, and assessing long-term safety in diverse populations.

Keywords: Intermittent Fasting; Skin Health; Autophagy; Inflammation; Dermatology.
Scope of the Article: Clinical Pharmacy

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E408805050825

IJAPSR Journal — Sat, 25 Oct 2025 07:41:59 +0000

Assessment of Knowledge and Practices Regarding Pediatric Paracetamol and Ibuprofen Use Among Syrian Parents: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Ali Fadel¹, Abeer Zrika², Maya Hmede³, Ayat Abbood⁴

¹Ali Fadel, Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria.

²Abeer Zrika, Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria.

³Maya Hmede, Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria.

⁴Prof. Ayat Abbood, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria.

Abstract: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) and ibuprofen are widely used for pediatric fever and pain management in Syria, but improper dosing and limited safety awareness pose significant risks. This study assessed Syrian parents’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding these medications. An online survey was distributed via social media (March–July 2025), targeting Syrian parents. Data from 112 respondents were analyzed, focusing on demographics, medication usage patterns, dosing knowledge, awareness of side effects/contraindications, and information sources. %85 used paracetamol for fever; 71% used ibuprofen for pain/inflammation. Critical knowledge gaps existed: 67% lacked awareness of correct paracetamol dosing, and 87% were uninformed about ibuprofen’s side effects. Only 13% knew ibuprofen’s minimum age restrictions, and 48% were unaware of its contraindication in asthma. Non-professional sources (internet: 16%; family/friends: 14%) contributed to the dissemination of misinformation, although pharmacists were highly trusted (82%). %79 expressed interest in educational interventions. Syrian parents rely heavily on paracetamol/ibuprofen but lack essential safety knowledge, particularly for ibuprofen. Urgent, culturally tailored educational initiatives that leverage trusted pharmacists and digital tools are needed to mitigate the risks of medication errors in children.

Keywords: Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Survey, Awareness, Syrians.
Scope of the Article: Pharmacy Practice

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E408105050825

IJAPSR Journal — Sat, 25 Oct 2025 07:22:51 +0000

Assessment of Awareness Regarding Paracetamol-Containing Medicine Toxicity Among Syrians
Ali Dawa¹, Fatima Belouneh², Ayat Abbood³

¹Ali Dawa, Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria.

²Fatima Belouneh, Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria.

³Prof. Ayat Abbood, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Quality Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tishreen, Latakia, Syria.

Abstract: This study aimed to assess Syrians’ awareness of paracetamol toxicity. An online survey was shared on social media, and in-person interviews were conducted in June 2025. A total of 114 valid responses were collected. The questionnaire had three sections: demographic information, participants’ knowledge of the paracetamol treatment plan, and their perceptions of its risks and toxicity. The results showed that most participants (70.3%) knew that daily paracetamol intake is unnecessary. Additionally, 60.7% believed that paracetamol should only be used when needed, especially for pain. The findings also indicated that 73% of participants do not take paracetamol for long periods without understanding the cause of their pain. However, 13.5% admitted to taking it despite being unaware of the pain’s origin, assuming it might be psychological rather than physical. In such cases, using paracetamol is unnecessary and could cause adverse effects. Although paracetamol is an over-the-counter (OTC) medication, 76.6% of participants reported using it without medical consultation. It can lead to serious side effects, such as liver toxicity, especially if misused. However, 33% of respondents were unaware that paracetamol could cause such complications due to uncontrolled use.

Keywords: Paracetamol, Toxicity, Survey, Awareness, Syrians. Abbreviations.
Scope of the Article: Pharmacy Practice

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International Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research (IJAPSR)

A409706011225

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F409205061025

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