Technetium-99m Methylene Diphosphonate (99mtcMdp): A Comprehensive Review of Its Chemistry, Clinical Utility, and Emerging Applications
Kifyat Tasnim*1, Mst. Soheli Akhter Nifa2, Koma Afrin Rintu3
1Kifyat Tasnim, Department of Pharmacy, Stamford University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
2Mst. Soheli Akhter Nifa, Department of Pharmacy, Stamford University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
3Koma Afrin Rintu, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Manuscript received on 20 September 2026 | First Revised Manuscript received on 25 September 2026 | Second Revised Manuscript received on 07 October 2026 | Manuscript Accepted on 15 October 2026 | Manuscript published on 30 October 2026 | PP: 23-27 | Volume-6 Issue-6, October 2026 | Retrieval Number: 100.1/ijapsr.A106306011126 | DOI: 10.54105/ijapsr.A1063.06011126
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© The Authors. Published by Lattice Science Publication (LSP). This is an open-access article under the CC-BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Abstract: Methylene diphosphonate (⁹⁹ᵐTc-MDP) is a boneimaging radiopharmaceutical widely used in nuclear medicine for decades. This review provides a detailed introduction to ⁹⁹ᵐTcMDP bone imaging, including preparation, chemical properties, radiolabeling techniques, quality control, clinical applications, and recent developments. This article emphasises MDP kit preparation, the basic principles of radiopharmaceutical labelling, and the importance of technetium-99m as a diagnostic radionuclide. Over the years, researchers have also emphasised radiolabeling efficiency, radiochemical purity, and the stability of radiopharmaceutical preparations to ensure safe, effective use. This review highlights the clinical role of ⁹⁹ᵐTc-MDP in detecting and evaluating different skeletal lesions (i.e., fractures, bone metastases, metabolic bone diseases). It also describes the current state of bone imaging and the enduring role of ⁹⁹ᵐTc-MDP as a diagnostic tool. The discussion also covers new applications, technological advances, radiation exposure, and patient safety. It also discusses future perspectives in nuclear pharmacy, including the development of new radiopharmaceuticals and improved imaging strategies. This review compiles available data and provides insights for nuclear medicine professionals, radiologists, and researchers on current applications, technical aspects, and prospects for ⁹⁹ᵐTc-MDP in imaging skeletal phenomena.
Keywords: MDP, Radiopharmaceuticals, Radiolabeling, Metastases.
Scope of the Article: Pharmacy Practice (pharmacist)